A clinical surface may look clean to the naked eye while harboring millions of microscopic bacteria and viruses. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence testing is the gold standard for measuring organic bio-burden in healthcare settings.
Technicians swab a 10x10cm surface area before and after cleaning. The swab reacts with a specialized luciferase enzyme inside a handheld luminometer, emitting light proportional to the amount of ATP present. Results are measured in Relative Light Units (RLU):
Elena Rostova, M.Sc. Microbiology is a senior healthcare environmental consultant specializing in IPAC Canada compliance, bio-burden reduction, and chemical safety for Canadian healthcare institutions.